• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-12-26

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Fluoride can readily penetrate cellular membranes and seriously damage the structure and physiological function of cells (Zhou et al., 2015). Several studies have shown that excessive fluoride can decrease the viability of cells and that the growth o

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgment S

  2024-12-26

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgment S.B.T. is grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Wilhelm Sander-Stiftung and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) for generous research support. M.M. greatly acknowledges the experimental support and the scientific cont

• Although the interactions of PhLP with G and its other

  2024-12-26

  

  Although the interactions of PhLP with Gβγ and its other partners have been convincingly documented through in vitro studies, it is not clear how PhLP controls Vomiting control signaling in vivo. C. elegans provides a powerful genetic model to analyze Phosducin function and study its interacting pa

• Recently Kamoshita et al evaluated a

  2024-12-25

  

  Recently, Kamoshita et al. (2016) evaluated a mouse model of retinal neuronal disturbance with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS and found that treatment with AICAR suppressed the reduction of conical function and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-α as well as improved mRNA levels of the mitochondrial

• br Introduction Diabetes mellitus DM is a chronic

  2024-12-25

  

  Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insufficient insulin production and needs a daily administration of insulin. Actually, no prevention is known for Type 1 diabetes. Type

• br Materials and method br

  2024-12-25

  

  Materials and method Result and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgments This work is partly supported by the University Research Committee (URC) of the Senate of The Federal University of Technology, Akure. The authors thanked IFS for the funds (F/4449 1F and F/4449-2F) used to purchase th

• Tissue distribution showed that ctrp was

  2024-12-25

  

  Tissue distribution showed that ctrp9 was abundantly expressed in the kidney of male and female tilapia. In mice, the Ctrp9 was identified in adipose tissue, and the expression levels were higher in females than that of males (Wong et al., 2009). Recent studies indicated that Ctrp9 was also expresse

• As described in the introductory section

  2024-12-25

  

  As described in the introductory section, the rotifer nervous system would be capable to transmit SMER 3 in throughout its neural pathways. In addition, Clément and Amsellem (1989) and Kotikova et al. (2001) suggested acetylcholine to be important for the functioning of rotifer muscles and their co

• The lanthanide series of chemical

  2024-12-25

  

  The lanthanide series of chemical elements comprises the fifteen metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum to lutetium. Though originally described as ‘‘rare earths’’ because of their natural occurrence as metal oxides, they are not particularly rare. The lanthanid

• br Conclusion There have been multiple clinical trials and p

  2024-12-25

  

  Conclusion There have been multiple clinical trials and pre-clinical studies that have tested the utility of 5ARIs in treating prostate disease, as summarized in Fig. 1. Inhibiting androgen action through the use of finasteride and dutasteride has been established as a valuable resource for physi

• br ATX LPA pathway in animal models of

  2024-12-25

  

  ATX–LPA pathway in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis Several animal models have been used to characterize the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis and to test new therapeutic strategies. The collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model (Courtenay et al., 1980, Luross and Williams, 2

• The known crystal structures of class C GPCR VFTs do

  2024-12-24

  

  The known crystal structures of class C GPCR VFTs do not include attached TM domains, therefore current conformational data may not accurately reflect the dynamics of extracellular domains in full-length receptors. Nevertheless, compelling mechanisms of signal transduction can still be postulated. S

• br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion

  2024-12-24

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Although previous studies have indicated that astrocyte aromatase plays a role in nociceptive processes (O'Brien et al., 2015, Smeester et al., 2016), the mechanisms responsible for the regulation of aromatase and its involvement in nociception rem

• br Current limitations and future directions There are sever

  2024-12-24

  

  Current limitations and future directions There are several limitations associated with PET imaging of aromatase using carbon-11 labeled aromatase inhibitors. Due to the very short half-life of carbon 11 (20min), PET studies with currently available, validated tracers can only be performed in med

• cddo Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood

  2024-12-24

  

  Although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, IGF-1 is tightly linked with ER and estrogen actions and a crosstalk occurs between these two systems in breast cancer. To illustrate this close relationship, studies have identified a synergy between IGF-1 and estrogen in cddo expressing both

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